نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران

2 دانش‌آموختة کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر، تلاشی برای کشف ارتباط بین فرسودگی شغلی معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و هوش فرهنگی و عاطفی آن‌ها است. افزون بر این، هدف، کشف این نکته بود که کدام متغیر، هوش هیجانی یا فرهنگی، می‌تواند پیش‌بینِ بهتری در مورد فرسودگی شغلی معلم باشد. این مطالعه همچنین به جستجوی رابطة محتمل جنسیت و فرسودگی معلمان زبان انگلیسی عراقی پرداخته و بررسی کرد که کدام جنسیت بیشتر تحت تأثیر فرسودگی شغلی قرار گرفته‌است. در نهایت، معلمان مرد و زن عراقی با توجه به هوش هیجانی و هوش فرهنگی مورد سنجش و مقایسه قرار گرفتند. به این منظور، سه پرسشنامه 1) پرسشنامة هدفِ فرسودگی شغلی ماسلاچ ، 2) مقیاس هوش فرهنگی که توسط ون داین و همکاران (2008) طراحی شده، و 3) مقیاس هوش عاطفی وانگ و لا، برای بیش از 200 معلم، یا حضوری یا از طریق ایمیل و یا از طریق لینک از پیش ساخته‌شده گوگل‌داک از سه پرسشنامه ارائه شد. برخی معلمان از به اشتراک گذاشتن پاسخ‌های خود بی‌میل بودند و از پر کردن پرسشنامه پرهیز کردند، ولی 164 معلم زبان انگلیسی عراقی هر سه پرسشنامه را پر کردند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که معلمان زبان انگلیسی عراقی و هوش فرهنگی و فرسودگی شغلی آن‌ها، به صورت معنادار اما منفی با هم همبستگی داشت. هوش هیجانی و فرهنگی مشابه هم و به طور معناداری پیش بینی کننده فرسودگی شغلی بودند. همچنین، فرسودگی شغلی و جنسیت به صورت معناداری همبستگی داشتند و معلمان زبان انگلیسی عراقی زن بیشتر مستعد و در معرض فرسودگی شغلی بودند. یافته‌ها به طور ضمنی اشاره دارد که معلمان آگاه از نظر فرهنگی و عاطفی ممکن است بتوانند با اقدامات پیشگیرانه، فرسودگی شغلی خود را کنترل کرده و یا کاهش دهند.

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